Month: January 2025

Click:CNC machining

Time to read: 5 min

One of the most popular sessions during the opening of CES is “Tech Trends To Watch” with CTA (Consumer Technology Association) Vice President of Research Steve Koenig, this year assisted by Research Director Lesley Rohrbaugh as they take their audience through the latest trends driving the industry, the ingredient technologies having the most impact, and the consumer and product applications to watch. 

Steve Koenig opened by quoting Christopher Freeman, a British Economist, who said “Innovation accelerates and bunches up during economic downturns only to be unleashed as the economy begins to recover, ushering in powerful new waves of technological change.” This year that seems truer than ever with innovation moving faster than we’ve ever seen. According to McKinsey’s Meet the Next Normal Consumer Report in April of 2020, global tech adoption is in fast forward with e-commerce ramping more in eight weeks than the previous ten years, with telemedicine growing 10x in 15 days, with Disney hitting 50M streaming video subscribers in five months, compared to Netflix’s seven years, and with 250 Million student moving to online learning in just two weeks.

Meanwhile CTA believes that the “Intelligence of Things” is gaining huge momentum. AI (Artificial Intelligence) and ML (Machine learning) matter much more as a result of the pandemic, RPA (Robotic Process Automation) is poised to become a $2 Billion industry in 2021, NPL (Natural Language Processing) is gaining support, and 59% of global enterprises expect their cloud usage will be higher than planned this year. 

According the the CTA, the six key trends for 2021 are digital health, robotics and drones, 5G connectivity, digital transformation, vehicle technology and smart cities, here’s why:

Trend #1: Digital Health

The universe of digital health is continuing to expand and fulfill ever growing demand thanks to everyday lifestyle trends, remote patient care, and the need for providers to gain greater efficiency to meet that demand. In 2020 revenue from connected health devices grew a massive 73% to $632 Million and their five year forecast shows another jump of 34% in 2021 and a steady 14% growth in 2022, 23 and 24. Meanwhile wearables are becoming key in this space with devices like the Oura Ring and BioButton by BioIntelliSense offering alternatives to the smartwatch form factor. And the future if digital health is packed full of innovation opportunities from robot triage helpers, through AI in diagnostics to XR in patient care and surgery.

Trend #2: Digital Transformation

Last year, Microsoft CEO Staya Nadella said, “we’ve seen two years’ worth of digital transformation in two months”. Meanwhile the pandemic has triggered a race to cloud among global enterprises. Flexera’s 2020 State of the Cloud Report shows that 59% expect cloud usage to exceed prior plans due to the pandemic, 61% plan to focus on cloud migration and a whopping 83% cited security as their top cloud challenge, closely followed by cost (82%). 

As examples of accelerated transformation, the COVID era has driven greater digital transformation in numerous areas. Digital fitness spend grew more than 30% during the pandemic and many gyms began to offer online classes and they entered the digital fitness space. Education also accelerated its digital transformation with schools adopting meeting platforms to hold lectures and classes. And the legal sector has adapted quickly as digital platforms are used for court proceedings to facilitate social distancing and conference platforms are used for a variety of hearings.

Trend #3: Robots and Drones

Robots and drones have been coming to the rescue in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, supporting tasks like cleaning, delivery, retail inventory management, close contact tasks like cooking or recycling, healthcare, and support of those isolated, such as monitoring at-risk individuals. Hygiene robotics has been an important sector and looks likely to continue its growth with robots sanitising aircrafts, hospitals, common areas and retail outlets. 

At the same time we are seeing substantial growth in robotics for logistics with companies like Starship Technologies in Estonia, Balyo in France and PAL Robotics in Spain gaining huge amounts of funding in 2020. Autonomous delivery is both hitting the road and taking flight with solutions like Amazon’s Scout Delivery Robot and Matternet’s M2 Drone being utilized by UPS and CVS. In their Autonomous Delivery Systems Awareness and Favorability Study, CTA found around a quarter of respondents are considering autonomous delivery more favorably, while 14% find it less favorable than it was. The numbers are almost the same for flying drones, sidewalk delivery robots and self-driving delivery vehicles.

Trend #4: Transportation

As for transportation, there’s a lot to unpack. Mobility-as-a-Service is on the rise, changing the way we think about vehicle ownership. C-V2X (Cellular Vehicle to Everything) connectivity is starting to become a reality thanks to the low latency and high speeds offered by 5G. Self-driving vehicle fleets are also taking to the road in numerous locations and companies like Waymo are set for substantial growth. But the biggest change to the automotive industry is the huge shift from internal combustion to electrification. And America’s favorite vehicle, the truck is getting ready for this brave new world, with new entries like Rivian as well as new models from the incumbents like Ford and Hummer. 

Trend #5: 5G

The current pandemic has accelerated 5G capital expenditure and seeded jobs growth in the sector. According to Qualcomm and IHS Markit’s 2020 5G Economy Study, investment was up almost 11% over the forecast made in 2019. That’s $260 billion in collective investment in R&D and capital expenditure, on top of $235 billion the previous year. It seems China will be the largest investor in 5G at around $1.7 trillion, closely followed by the US with $1.3 trillion through 2035. The study also reported that 5G related jobs are expected to increase to 22.8 million over the next 15 years.

Trend #6: Smart Cities

One has to wonder how different the crisis might have been if we’d already got Smart Cities. What is clear is that they will have an important role in the future, with networked sensors that can check temperature, with smart kiosks that can deliver important information, with data dashboards that keep citizens updated in real time and with state-of-the-art digital contact tracing for close contacts of anyone infected. These smart city technologies are also playing a role as people return to work. Touchless and voice enabled technology can reduce human contact with surfaces, while technology is also being deployed to clean those surfaces and the air in the workplace. Occupancy and social distance is also being supported by new technologies. And, of course, we are all familiar with the remote collaboration tools which are now part of everyday life.

Key Takeaways

All up the CTA is expecting an exciting week and another year of growth for the US tech industry. They predict the sector will grow 4.3% in 2021 to $461 Billion, as millions of Americans remain home and rely on tech to stay entertained, connected and healthy. “The pandemic has pushed the fast-forward button on tech adoption – from our homes to our work to our doctor’s offices,” said Gary Shapiro, President and CEO, CTA. “While the road to a full economic recovery is long and intertwined with a complex vaccine rollout, the tech industry’s ability to meet the moment during this crisis has been critical.” 

Time to read: 6 min

Corrosion is a common phenomenon—where there’s metal, there will be rust. In scientific terms, corrosion is a chemical process in which refined metals get converted to their more chemically stable form.

Four basic ingredients found in your home environment cause corrosion: reactive metal, air, moisture, and electrolytes. And while a quick spray of WD-40 battles corrosion, from sticky keyholes to stuck hinges, to truly avoid corrosion, we need to start from the design.

Knowing the causes of corrosion make it easier to design against it. This article explores strategies for increasing metal corrosion resistance. One note: There are a few unconventional types of corrosion relating to microbial activities on polymer, which we won’t address in this post.

Passive Coating keeps out water and salt

Bicycles are a great example of how you can design a corrosion-resistant product. Typically made of steel, aluminum, and carbon fiber, bicycles are also regularly exposed to the elements. Rain + road dust = water + electrolytes = corrosion. Adding a physical barrier to prevent direct contact with the external environment helps to keep corrosion in check; options include painting, powder coating, vinyl wrapping, anodizing, and even waxing. These methods, referred to as passive coating, serve to keep water and salt out, preventing corrosion, and it’s important to plan for them when designing products that you know will spend time outside in the elements.

Painting

You can plan to make your design corrosion resistant by factoring in the need for passive coating, which is what bicycle manufacturers use to improve corrosion resistance. Bicycle frames are painted to form a barrier layer—painting on a clean, dry surface means moisture can’t get trapped beneath the coat.

Powder coating

if you’re designing a product like bike racks, many of which are made of aluminium, you’ll want to plan to have the product powder coated, to avoid the pitting that can result when aluminum is scratched and in contact with water. Powder coating is done by spraying a layer of dry powder (thermoplastic or thermoset plastic polymer) electrostatically.

In powder coating, the powder coat gun has a positive charge, while the workpiece is grounded. This electrical difference drives the tiny particles towards the workpiece, kind of like the hair-rising balloon experiment you may have done in school. This ensures even coating, which is followed by a curing session.

Vinyl wrapping

You count on your U-lock for security, and you don’t want it to get corroded, so most U-lock manufacturers wrap the locks in vinyl to protect them from the elements—and as a designer, you’ll want to plan for this. Vinyl wrapping is like shrink wrapping; heat is applied once the U-lock has been sleeved with the vinyl (see the black, U-shaped tubing in the image below).

Anodizing

Stainless steel and cnc machining aluminum have the inherent capability to form a layer of protective oxide. However, in the natural form, this layer of oxide is only about 4nm thick. Anodizing the metal is a way to provide extra corrosion and wear protection, so be sure to add that to your plans for steel and aluminum products.

In some cases, anodizing is used as a decorative element, allowing designers to add different shades of color. Apple does this with their different colored devices: Space Gray, Rose Gold, and Gold.

Anodization is done through by placing the workpiece in a dilute solution. The workpiece is being connected to an electrical circuit where it is an anode. The positive oxygen ions will be attracted to the workpiece, creating more oxide layer on the workpiece.

Active Coating provides a strong physical barrier

Galvanizing

When you’re designing products to be corrosion resistant, you may want to to keep in mind that galvanizing provides a stronger physical barrier than passive coating does, by forming a chemical bond with the physical substrate of the material, instead of just coating the surface. This chemical bond is much stronger than what passive coating can offer, with a bond strength of 3000psi. Best of all, it has dual action—it makes the base metal cathodic by attaching a more reactive metal onto the surface. The thin layer of coating will rust first, instead of the base metal.

Galvanizing is best done after all secondary processes have been completed, since any new cut will expose fresh metal, allowing rust to form. Besides street light posts and steel bridges, galvanizing is commonly done on vehicles and fasteners to ensure corrosion resistance.

Hot-dipped galvanizing is a high volume manufacturing technique. The process is shown below. Each object has to go through caustic cleaning, followed by a few more stages of preparation, before it is dipped into a zinc bath and cooled.

 Ensure galvanic compatibility

When you’re designing fasteners, it’s important to ensure that there is galvanic compatibility with the fasteners and the object. On the Galvanic Scale, metal that is more anodic is more prone to corrosion, and when more anodic metal is in contact with a metal that’s lower on the scale, corrosion activity is enhanced. The greater the disparity, the faster the rate of corrosion.

Therefore, you don’t want to mix and match coating and metals; if you choose hot-dipped zinc-galvanized material, use fasteners and hardware with the same coatings. Screws and rivets are the most commonly used fastening methods, and the majority of them are made of steel, which happens to be lower on the Galvanic Scale, so you have to be aware of this.

If you start combining different types, there’s a chance the different metals will start their own corrosive reactions—which is exactly what you are trying to prevent. Stainless steel will degrade galvanized steel, so don’t install galvanized sheets with stainless steel screws.

In fact, you can use galvanic incompatibility to your advantage. In the marine industry, sacrificial metals are used to protect ship hulls from corrosion. Pieces of zinc are mounted directly onto the ship hull, below the water line. This works by intentionally allowing the sacrificial zinc to be corroded, instead of the steel ship hull.

Replacing metal with plastic

One way to boost corrosion resistance is to plan to replace parts with a suitable inert material, such as plastic. Water pipes used to be made from metal, but have since been replaced with plastic, as have bearings. You may avoid corrosion with plastic, but there are unique issues with plastic, like problems with UV degradation, acid and heat that are important to note, although they won’t be covered here.

Avoid crevices in your design

The graphic below shows how drops of water on the body of a product can result in rust formation. When the surface of a reactive metal gets wet, the oxygen concentration is lower relative to the surrounding. The area around the drop becomes cathode, while the surface below is anodic.

This localization of electrical activity is what causes spots of rust to form on a kitchen basin, which gets worse with a lower grade of stainless steel. You can design against this form of corrosion by removing traps to ensure that there is uniform oxygen concentration around the bodywork.

We can learn from the construction industry, which does crevice corrosion prevention best. Rules like allowing water and dust to flow freely but not get trapped onto the surface are helpful. Designs are simplified to reduce the number of crevices, and if crevices cannot be avoided, weather-sealing can help counter corrosion.

In other words, reducing the number of joint parts, coating, and sealing can help avoid crevice corrosion.

Main Takeaways

It’s important to understand what causes corrosion and to use strategies for increasing metal corrosion resistance in your product design process. Incorporate plans for coatings, vinyl wrapping, and galvanizing into your product design process when working with metals, and avoid crevices in your design. You can check out Fictiv’s Capabilities Guide for more information about materials. As in all hardware development, always be thorough with your testing procedure, and check back on the usage behavior and the operating environment. Being able to understand what your product will experience in the environment is half the battle won.

Chinese Traditional Clothing Women Hanfu Tang Dynasty Dance Dress Qixiong Ruqun Dress Ancient Cosplay Clothes

Name: Fashion Hanfu Qixiong Ruqun with Exquisite Embroidery
Material: Chiffon (Soft, Comfortable, Breathable)
Suitable For Season：Spring, Summer, Autumn
Color: As picture

As an important part of ancient Chinese costumes, Qixiong Ruqun was first seen in the northern and Southern Dynasties and has a history of about 1000 years. If the specific division, there are Qixong Duijin Ruqun and Qixiong Jiaoling Ruqun.
One Top
One Qixiong Dress
One Pibo

Size Information Unit cm (1cm=0.394inch, 1 inch=2.54cm) Size Bust Shoulder Width Height Weight (kg) S 80 31 155 52 M 85 32 160 57 L 90 33 165 62 XL 95 34 172 68 Warm Tips: The size is Asian size, please choose the size according to the size chart Item Measure by hand, it could be 2cm-3cm different. All the images we list are 100% real object photos. But different computer monitor display colors differently.

Dataphysics Instruments, a leading company in the field of surface and interface analysis, opens a technical office in Metz, France.

Dataphysics Instruments, manufacturer of high-precision laboratory instruments for the characterization of interfaces and surfaces, has expanded its presence in France. According to the company, France offers great potential as it is home to companies from many industries, such as automotive, electronics, aerospace and medical technology.

Fully equipped application laboratory

The new location in Metz has a fully equipped application laboratory. Nils Langer, Managing Director of Dataphysics Instruments, says: “The modular system and the intuitive handling of our devices and their software can best be experienced in practice. That’s why we invite interested scientists to our application laboratory to get to know our devices and their measurement methods. Of course, initial measurements on your own samples are also possible.”

Click:Fogos de artifício

CUTTWOOD BAR SALTS BIRD BERRIES NIC SALT E-LIQUID

Cuttwood Bar Salts Bird Berries is a playful e-liquid blending the fruity flavours of bold blackcurrants, fresh strawberries, and juicy grapes bursting in every puff.
Explore Cuttwood’s complete range of e-liquids to indulge their flavours in fruity, menthol, and dessert-infused perfection.

Specifications

• Flavours: Blackcurrant, Strawberry, Grape
• Nicotine Type: Nicotine Salt
• Bottle Size: 10ml
• Nicotine Strength: 10mg & 20mg
• VG/PG Ratio: 50/50
• Vaping Style: MTL
• Easy Fill Nozzle
• Childproof Cap

Cuttwood Bar Salts come conveniently packaged in 10ml bottles, providing vapers with a budget-friendly, refillable nic salt e-liquid option that recreates the flavour-packed experience of disposable vapes.

Originating from California, U.S.A, Cuttwood E-Liquids rose to international fame, gaining their industry-leading position for their iconic kooky flavour combinations expertly crafted in their e-liquid. With a passion for crafting offbeat flavour profiles, Cuttwood Bar Salts deliver a smooth vaping experience, recreating amazing fruity, menthol and dessert-themed e-liquids that are sure to knock your tastebuds far left field. 

With 10mg and 20mg nicotine salt strengths available, you can quickly satisfy your cravings. Using nicotine salts provides a smoother throat hit, enhancing your overall vaping experience. 

Expertly balanced in a 50/50 PG/VG blend, Cuttwood Bar Salts nic salt e-liquids are best used with Vape Starter Kits and Pod Vape Kits.

Are you new and trying out vaping for the first time? You should check out our beginners’ guide, where we simplify vaping to its fundamentals and explain the benefits of switching to your first vape kit.

The chemical company Covestro recorded a decline in sales last year. Despite a loss of 198 million euros in the past year, the company is aiming for an operating profit of between 1.0 and 1.6 billion euros in 2024.

The chemicals group Covestro is taking a cautious view of the new year in a difficult environment. The focus remains on efficiency, according to the company. The DAX-listed company had already prevented an even more significant decline in the operating result in 2023 by making savings. There was no news on the talks with Abu Dhabi National Oil (Adnoc) regarding a possible takeover of the DAX-listed company by the oil group from the United Arab Emirates.

In 2023, Covestro felt the effects of the slump in the Chinese property sector, the weakness of the construction industry and the reluctance of many people to buy consumer electronics, household appliances and furniture. With sales down by a fifth to 14.4 billion euros, Covestro suffered a loss of 198 million euros last year. Shareholders will once again go away empty-handed after no dividend was paid for 2022 due to a loss of 272 million euros.

The Group’s earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) fell by a third to just under 1.1 billion euros in 2023. The fact that the decline was not even more pronounced was due to a reduction in fixed costs by a mid-triple-digit million euro amount. In addition, the energy efficiency of production facilities in Shanghai, China, and in Dormagen, Germany, was increased. This year, Covestro CEO Markus Steilemann is targeting an operating profit of 1.0 to 1.6 billion euros, which in the best-case scenario would be the same as in 2022.

A team, co-led by researchers at Penn State, has developed a synthesis process to produce a ‘rust-resistant’ coating with additional properties ideal for creating faster, more durable electronics.

The future of technology has an age-old problem – rust. When iron-containing metal reacts with oxygen and moisture, the resulting corrosion greatly impedes the longevity and use of parts in the automotive industry. While it’s not called ‘rust in the semiconductor industry, oxidation is especially problematic in two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor materials. It controls the flow of electricity in electronic devices, because any corrosion can render the atomic-thin material useless. 2D materials are ultra-thin, just one or a few atoms thick. They hold promise for advanced semiconductors because their thinness provides a shorter and more direct path for electrons to move quickly and with less resistance through the material. This in turn allows for faster and more efficient electronic performance.

Semiconductors are materials that conduct electricity under some conditions but not others, making them ideal for controlling electrical currents in electronic devices. Electronic devices, the ‘brains’ of computer chips, are made from these materials. “One of the biggest issues that we see in 2D semiconductor research these days is the fact that the materials oxidize quickly,” said Joshua Robinson, professor of materials science and engineering and co-corresponding author of the work. “You need to ensure their long-term reliability because these are going into transistors or sensors that are supposed to last years. Right now, these materials don’t last more than a week out in the open.”

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Event tip: High-end Anti-Corrosion Coatings

Join leading experts on 25 – 26 February 2025 in Düsseldorf, Germany for the EC Conference on High-end Anti-Corrosion Coatings. Learn about the latest innovations in protective metal coatings for challenging environments like offshore rigs, ships, and pipelines. Network with industry leaders, researchers, and specialists to gain insights into cutting-edge materials and technologies.

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Made of amorphous boron nitride

Traditional methods to protect these materials from rusting involve oxide-based coatings, but these processes often use water, which ironically can accelerate the very oxidation they aim to prevent. The team’s approach to this problem was to seek a coating material and method that could avoid the use of water entirely. Enter amorphous boron nitride (a-BN).

“We wanted to get away from using water in the process so we started thinking about what sort of 2D materials we can make that do not use water in its processing, and amorphous boron nitride is one of those,” said Robinson. A non-crystalline form of boron nitride, a-BN is known for its high thermal stability and electrical insulation properties, making it ideal for use in semiconductors to insulate components, prevent unwanted electrical currents and improve device performance.

Robinson explained that a-BN a has high dielectric strength, a measurement indicating the material’s ability to withstand high electric fields without breaking down, a critical factor for reliable electronic performance. “The high dielectric strength demonstrated by a-BN is comparable to the best dielectrics available, and we don’t need water to make it,” Robinson said. “What we demonstrated in the paper was that including amorphous boron nitride yields improved device performance compared to conventional dielectrics alone.”

Two-step Atomic Layer Deposition Method

While the coating helped produce a better 2D transistor, getting the coating on the 2D materials proved a challenge, according to Robinson. Two-dimensional materials lack dangling bonds, which are unpaired electrons on the surface of a material that react or bond with other atoms. A standard single-step process that uses higher temperatures to coat the materials resulted in uneven and discontinuous coatings, well below the quality electronics need to function properly.

To evenly coat 2D materials with the a-BN, the team developed a new two-step atomic layer deposition method. It involves first depositing a thin low-temperature a-BN ‘seed layer’ before heating up the chamber to typical deposition temperatures between 250 and 300°C. This not only allowed the researchers to produce an even a-BN coating over the 2D semiconductors but also led to a 30% to 100% improvement — depending on the transistor design — in transistor performance compared to devices not utilizing the a-BN.

“When you sandwich 2D semiconductors between the amorphous boron nitride, even though it’s amorphous, you end up with a smoother electronic road, so to speak, that would enable improved electronics,” stated Robinson. “The electrons can go faster through the 2D material than they could if they were between other dielectric materials.” He noted that even with its high dielectric strength, researchers have only scratched the surface of a-BN’s potential as a dielectric material for semiconductor devices. “We have room for improvement even though it’s already outperforming other dielectric materials,” added Robinson. “The primary thing that we’re trying to do right now is improve the overall quality of the material and then integrate it into some complex structures you would see in future electronics.”

Source: The Pennsylvania State University

Researchers found that the newly developed hydrosilylated water-based organosilicone coatings have excellent anti-fouling properties, allowing water, ethanol, muddy water and other liquids to bead cleanly and oily marks to be easily wiped off.

Under the background of “Dual Carbon” strategy, the coating technology of silicon-based materials replacing carbon-based materials has become a research hotspot. Owing to high-viscosity characteristic of raw materials involving divinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (ViPDMSVi) and reinforcing components, existing approaches for the preparation of organosilicon coatings by hydrosilylation still consume a large amount of organic solvents, causing environmental pollution and inconsistent with the low-carbon strategy. Herein, a robust strategy to prepare hydrosilylation waterborne organosilicon coatings via rational design of the emulsification system to obtain two-component aqueous emulsions is reported. In this strategy, two reactive organosilicon surfactants were synthesized and compounded with corresponding anionic surfactants for emulsification of vinyl organosilicon components and polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS), respectively.

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Event Tip: Waterborne High Performance Coatings

Explore the advantages and application of waterborne coatings known for their high performance across various industries. This tutorial will delve into topics including formulation innovations, VOC regulations, durability testing, and emerging trends in waterborne technology. Join us online on 19 Sep 2024 for the EC Short Course “Waterborne High Performance Coatings” and stay ahead in the evolution of sustainable coating solutions.

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The resultant two emulsions were cured via hydrosilylation to obtain the desired coating. Additionally, vinyl MQ resin was selected as reinforcing component to increase the density of the coating. The facts that water, ethanol, mud water and other common liquids can slide off cleanly, and oily markers on the coating surface can be easily wiped off, indicate the outstanding anti-fouling properties of the coating. Furthermore, even under various harsh environments such as high temperature, ultraviolet radiation and chemical corrosion, the coating still shows good anti-fouling performance. This work opens up a viable avenue for the preparation of waterborne organosilicon anti-fouling coatings.

Source: Progress in Organic Coatings, Volume 185.

本教程适用版本：WPS 365 点击免费使用

REPT函数是一个文本函数，其函数的主要作用是按照定义的次数重复显示文本，也就是复制文本。

以此表为例，接下来和大家讲讲这个函数的具体使用步骤。

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￭ 选中单元格，点击插入函数，在查找框中查找并选中REPT函数，点击确定。

此时弹出参数框，我们要输入要重复的文本字符串和文本重复次数。

需要注意的是，文本重复次数必须为正数，当文本重复次数为0时将返回“”。

当文本重复次数为负数时，将返回错误值 #VALUE!。

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￭ 我们在字符串中填入A2，重复次数中填入3，点击确定，可以看到A2单元格内的字符重复显示了3次。

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这个函数能帮助我们快速重复输出指定字符，快学起来~